ABSTRACT
Objective @#To discuss and summarize the preventive measures and treatment methods for aspiration/ingestion during dental procedures.@*Methods @# One case of aspiration during an implant operation was reported, and the literature on aspiration/ingestion during oral procedures was reviewed.@*Results@#An implant screwdriver accidentally slipped into the mouth of the patient during implant surgery. The patient experienced no obvious discomfort except a few coughs. The surgeon and assistant paused the procedure immediately to search for the screwdriver, but it was not found. The patient declared that there was no special abnormality, such as breathing disorder or chest distress, so we considered that the foreign body was ingestion. After the implant surgery was completed, no foreign body was found in the stomach via gastroscopy. Chest X-ray and CT showed a dense metal shadow in the lower lobe of the left lung. Under local anesthesia, bronchoscopy and biopsy forceps were used by respiratory physicians to clip out the foreign body. After removal of the foreign body, the patient had no obvious discomfort but a slight cough. Cephalexin and metronidazole were given for three days to prevent infection. Three days later, the patient had no complaints of respiratory discomfort. After reviewing the literature, we found that the operation should be paused immediately after aspiration/ingestion occurs during dental procedures and that the dental chair should be laid down to prevent the foreign body from descending deeper, which may increase the difficulty of removal and cause gastrointestinal and respiratory tract injury. The position of the foreign body should be determined by imaging examination, and the corresponding means to remove the foreign body should be performed.@*Conclusion @# Patients may have no obvious symptoms after aspiration/ingestion during dental procedures, and the foreign body can be removed after imaging examination.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of Xiaozhong Sanyu pills (XZSY) on neurological severity score (NSS), brain water content and expression level of water channel aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods ICH model was reproduced by Rosenberg method in 150 SD rats, then the animals were randomly divided into model group (n=50), XZSY high dose group (n=50, 40 mg/kg of XZSY suspension was given by intragastric administration, bid) and XZSY low dose group (n=50, 20 mg/kg of XZSY suspension was given by intragastric administration, bid), and the latter two groups were further randomly divided into 12-h and 1-, 3-, 7-, and 10-d subgroups. The differences in NSS, brain water content and expression level of AQP4 among 3 groups were analyzed. Results Compared with control group, the NSS, brain water content and expression level of AQP4 were lowered at 3, 7 and 10 d in XZSY low dose group, and lowered at 1, 3, 7 and 10 d in XZSY high dose group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with XZSY low dose group, the NSS and brain water content were lowered on 7 and 10 d, and expression level of AQP4 was lowered at 3, 7 and 10 d in XZSY high dose group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Early administration of XZSY could reduce the expression of AQP4 after cerebral hemorrhage, and accordingly alleviate the intracellular edema and improve the prognosis of ICH.